He graduated from the school of Mechanical-mathematics of Azerbaijan State University (now Baku State University) in between 1971 and 1976.

In 1976 he started off his career as an engineer-programmer at the Institute of Cybernetics of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences. In February 1977 S.Sadigov worked as a researcher under secondment at the Institute named after M.V.Keldish of the Soviet National Academy of Sciences.

From February 1979 to 1980 worked at Automated Management Systems Institute of Cybernetics of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences.

From 1981 to 1989 he underwent postgraduate study at the Economic Cybernetics school of the Moscow Institute of National Economy. In December 1983 defended his candidacy dissertation and received scientific degree of a candidate of economic sciences.

From 1984 to 1992 had worked at a lecturer, director of the education division, prorector positions at Azerbaijan State University of Economics.

From 1992 to 1993 held the Department Director position of the Azerbaijan State Antimonopoly Policy and Entrepreneurship Development Committee.

From 1993 to 1997 worked as a docent at Azerbaijan State University of Economics.

From 1997 to 2001 worked at Ministry of Finance of Azerbaijan Republic as chief and deputy chief of the main budget office.

From 2001 to 2008 worked at Ministry of Economic Development of Azerbaijan Republic (now Ministry of Economy) as a Department director(division director).

From 2008 to 2019 worked as director at Economy Department of Cabinet of Ministers of Azerbaijan Republic. From 2019 to 2024 worked as a deputy director at the same Department.

Shahin Sadigov is the Chairman of the Board of the Economic Scientific Research Institute under the Ministry of Economy of Azerbaijan Republic effective from 26 February 2024.